Spatio-Temporal Variability of Peat CH4 and N2O Fluxes and Their Contribution to Peat GHG Budgets in Indonesian Forests and Oil Palm Plantations

Contribution of subsurface peat to CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a neotropical peatland

Tropical peatlands play an important role in the global carbon cycling but little is known about factors regulating carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes from these ecosystems. Here, we test the hypotheses that (i) CO2 and CH4 are produced mainly from surface peat and (ii) that the contribution of subsurface peat to net C emissions is governed by substrate availability. To achieve this,...

Logged peat swamp forest supports greater macrofungal biodiversity than large‐scale oil palm plantations and smallholdings

Intensive land expansion of commercial oil palm agricultural lands results in reducing the size of peat swamp forests, particularly in Southeast Asia. The effect of this land conversion on macrofungal biodiversity is, however, understudied. We quantified macrofungal biodiversity by identifying mushroom sporocarps throughout four different habitats; logged peat swamp forest, large-scale oil palm...

Multi-technique assessment of spatial and temporal variability of methane fluxes in a peat meadow

Methane fluxes measured in a eutrophic peat meadow in the Netherlands dominated by vascular plants showed high spatial and temporal variability. To elucidate this variability as well as the underlying processes, various measurement techniques were used: soil gradients of methane concentrations, the chamber method, and the eddy covariance technique. Additionally, soil temperature at multiple dep...

contribution of setting to the study of characters and the main idea in e. brontes: wuthering heights and t. hardys: return of the native.

this thesis aims to adduce an unmitigated and comprehensive explication concerning the relationship of three significant elements of fiction: setting, chracter and theme. my research is basically placed on two outstanding novels of the 19th century: emily brontes wuthering heights and thomas hardys return of the native. my endeavour lies in studying the correlation among the three above-mention...

Forests and Greenhouse gases Fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N2O from drained forests on organic soils